High School Unit 4 US History
Contemporary Voices Along the Lewis and Clark Trail
World War II, The Cold War, and International Relations: Termination and Relocation
Historical Era
1939 - 1991 Termination and Self-Determination
STI Unit Overview
By the end of instruction, students will:
- Recognizes House Concurrent Resolution 108, Public Law 280, and the federal "Relocation" program that affected and continues to affect tribal sovereignty, the federal- Indian trust relationship, and tribal development
- Distinguish between federally and non-federally recognized tribes
- Examines the underlying assumptions of the US Termination policy
Level 1
Students will read an article giving a brief overview of the Termination Era, break into groups and read two different perspectives on Termination, and debate as either a member of a group representing the Klamath and opposed to termination or as a member of a group representing the US Government and supporting termination.
Download Level 1 Curriculum
Level 2
Students will evaluate how the federal Relocation program under the policy of Termination affected various tribal nations through the stories of individual members of the tribe. Students will analyze why the federal Relocation program was implemented.
Download Level 2 Curriculum
Level 3
Students will compare and contrast the process of gaining recognition for the Klamath tribe and the Duwamish tribe and state the reasons for each tribe's eventual success or failure in gaining recognition. Students will recognize and criticize the process of gaining tribal recognition for its value in endorsing a distinct cultural identity. Students will analyze why Public Law 280 was implemented, study the effects of PL280 on various tribes and Nations around the country, and evaluate how PL280 affected the federal, state, and tribal governments.
Download Level 3 Curriculum
STI Essential Questions
- What are the ways in which tribes respond to the threats and outside pressure to extinguish their cultures and independence?
- What are local tribes doing to meet the challenges of reservation life? What are these tribes, as sovereign nations, doing to meet the economic and cultural needs of their tribal communities?
Standards for Social Studies, English Language Arts, Environmental and Sustainability Education, and Social Emotional Learning
OSPI-Developed Assessments for Social Studies
Unit Developed By
Elese Washines (Yakama Nation)
Except where otherwise noted, "Since Time Immemorial: Tribal Sovereignty in Washington State" by Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction in partnership with the Federally Recognized Tribes in Washington State is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. All logos are property of their respective owners.