Interpretation and Translation
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Schools must communicate with all parents in a language they can understand. This includes notifying limited-English proficient parents - in a language they can understand - about all programs, services, and activities that are called to the attention of other parents.
Relevant Laws & Guidance
- Title VI regulations
- Chapter 28A.642 RCW
- Chapter 392-190 WAC
- Chapter 28A.183 RCW Language Access Program
- OSPI Civil Rights Guidelines: Translation and Interpretation Services (Note: These guidelines are currently under revision)
- OSPI Bulletin B021-13 Civil Rights Requirements to Provide Interpretation and Translation Services
- OCR Dear Colleague Letter: Ensuring English Learner Students Can Participate Meaningfully and Equally in Educational Programs (2015) (see pages 37–39) | Fact Sheet
- U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) Guidance to Federal Financial Assistance Recipients Regarding Title VI Prohibition Against National Origin Discrimination Affecting Limited English Proficient Persons (2002)
Language Access Planning
Developing a language access plan is critical to ensuring that your school district communicates effectively with families with limited-English proficiency and for a subset of school districts, it is required by state law.
- WSSDA model Language Access Plan: Policy 4218 | Procedure 4218P
- Office of English Language Acquisition (OELA) English Learner Tool Kit: Ensuring Meaningful Communication with Limited English Proficient Parents
- Self-Assessment
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The Language Access Self-Assessment serves to help identify a current baseline of language access services and to inform the creation of a language access plan.
- Identifying Parents' Language Assistance Needs
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School districts must have a process to determine parents' language needs, such as a home language survey or questions on an enrollment form about each parent's language needs. The OSPI Home Language Survey's Question #1 can be helpful for this data collection.
OSPI Home Language Survey Translated in 40 Languages
- Language Access Service Evaluation
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Beginning with the 2023-24 school year, districts are to provide participants in interpreted initial IEPs, annual IEPs, or disciplinary reengagement meetings an opportunity to provide feedback on the effectiveness of interpretation and language access services. This template can be used for those purposes. It may be adapted as appropriate by the district.
Informing Families About Their Rights
Schools should take steps to inform parents that free translation and interpretation services are available and how to request these services.
- Important Document Notice
If a situation arises when a school is unable to translate a document immediately, consider including a notice on the document, translated into the parent's primary language (e.g. on pre-printed stickers) informing families that they can contact the school to have the document translated.
Sample Important Document Notice - in 22 languages - Poster: We Can Help You in Your Language!
Use this multi-language poster to inform families how to request an interpreter or a translated document.
Interpreters & Translators
- Qualified, Competent Interpreters and Translators
Schools must provide language assistance to limited-English proficient families effectively with appropriate, competent staff-or appropriate and competent outside resources. It is not sufficient for the staff merely to be bilingual. For example, some bilingual staff and community volunteers may be able to communicate directly with limited-English proficient families in a different language, but not be competent to interpret in and out of English (e.g., consecutive or simultaneous interpreting). Schools should ensure that interpreters and translators have knowledge in both languages of any specialized terms or concepts to be used in the communication at issue. In addition, schools should ensure that interpreters and translators are trained on the role of an interpreter or translator, the ethics of interpreting or translating, and the need to maintain confidentiality.
Other Resources
- When "Practicable" and "Feasible" May Mean "Mandatory": The Rights of Limited English Proficient Parents (Univ. of North Carolina School Law Bulletin)
- Language Access and Bilingualism (Washington State Governor's Office of the Education Ombuds [OEO])
- Communicating Effectively with Limited English Proficient Individuals (YouTube, U.S. Department of Justice)
- "I Speak" Language Identification Flashcard (U.S. Census Bureau)
- Quality Indicators for Translation and Interpretation in K-12 (California Department of Education)
- LEP.gov is a clearinghouse of information, tools, and resources regarding language services.